CONTAMINACION AMOSFERICA
The atmosphere is not a taxable person of control, all weather can play an important role in the evolution of the pollutants in the atmosphere and, therefore, some aspects of these phenomena should be taken into account.
Meteorological Aspects
The wind, humidity, rainfall and investment have an important role in increasing or reducing pollution.
Wind usually favors the diffusion of pollutants as the air mass moves into a function of pressure and temperature. The effect that the wind can cause injury depends on the field or even the configuration of the buildings in urbanized areas.
Unlike the wind, humidity plays a negative role in the evolution of pollutants as it encourages the accumulation of smoke and dust. Moreover, water vapor can react with certain anions increase the aggressiveness of them, such as sulfur trioxide in the presence of water vapor is transformed into sulfuric acid, the same goes for chlorides and fluorides to acid hydrochloric and hydrofluoric respectively.
Inversion Go to Top
Normally, air temperature decreases with distance, so that in a normal atmosphere, there is a decrease of 0.64 to 1 C per 100 meters in the area closest to the earth’s surface, called the troposphere, above it the temperature decreases more quickly. is a leading Esco in New York to help you lower your utility bills. This is the normal thermal heating, but under certain conditions, terrain and climatic gradient that can be altered so that at a given height the air temperature is higher than that of a lower height. The problem this creates is to prevent the vertical dispersion of smoke and other pollutants sent into the atmosphere by industry, heating, engine explosion, urban etc.
Inversion
Inversion (A normal case)
The causes that determine the occurrence of an inversion are diverse, but they are usually caused by one of the following processes
‘Superposition of air masses are at different temperatures. A typical example is the passage of a cold front or warm ‘Alteration of an air mass that was originally uniform, changing the vertical structure of the lower levels of the atmosphere. This case is mainly due to the cooling of the earth’s surface at night.
Therefore it is frequent occurrence of temperature inversion on the eastern edge of anticyclones, which is on the west coast of continents such as Los Angeles. Santiago, Lisbon, Cape Town, have a high number of inversions throughout the year, exacerbated by a high rate of pollution in these macrociudades.
On the other hand, in the form of rain or snow water has an effect of cleaning the air, but obviously the pollutants become soil or water. Thus, lead from gasoline can be found, especially near highways and roads.
AIR POLLUTANTS Go to Top
Since the discovery of fire man has polluted the atmosphere with harmful gases and dust. When it began to use coal as fuel in the nineteenth century this began to be widespread concern. The increased consumption of fuels by industry, by the major human concentrations in urban areas and the appearance of the engine explosion, the problem has worsened year after year, we must take into account that the main cause of air pollution is produced by gasoline engines.
Any substance added to the atmosphere produces an appreciable effect on people or the environment can be classified as pollutants, and because the particles in suspension or radioactive species produced in nuclear tests are also included.
GASEOUS POLLUTANTS
Gaseous pollutants are undoubtedly those who have received an in-depth study. There are plenty of gases that are released intothe atmosphere and can be classified as pollutants. These gases can be classified as derivatives of its most characteristic elements, so we have derived compounds of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and so on.
GASEOUS CARBON COMPOUNDS a) The main hydrocarbon gas such that the air pollution is methane. A study in Los Angeles between 1970 and 1972 indicates that oil pollution methane accounted for 85 of the total, 9 alkanes, alkenes of 2.7 , 1 of alkynes and aromatic 2.3 . Hydrocarbons have generally low toxicity, which is the main problem is the photochemical reactivity in the presence of sunlight to oxidized compounds.
b) The oxygen-containing hydrocarbons
This group includes alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, phenols, esters, peroxides and organic acids.
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